Kwasi Kwarteng, born 26 May 1975, is a British Conservative Party politician serving as Secretary of State for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy since 2021. He has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for Spelthorne since 2010. Before entering politics, he was a newspaper columnist and financial analyst.

As of July 2022, there is speculation that Kwarteng may be made Chancellor of the Exchequer, the UK's finance minister, if Liz Truss is elected as the next leader of the Conservative Party and becomes Prime Minister. Truss and Kwarteng have previously collaborated on the 2012 book Britannia Unchained: Global Lessons for Growth and Prosperity.

The office of Chancellor of the Exchequer, alongside Home Secretary and Foreign Secretary, is one of the UK's Great Offices of State. In recent years, several MPs who have held these offices have become leaders of the Conservative Party. Then-serving Home Secretary Theresa May became Conservative leader in 2016, former Foreign Secretary Boris Johnson became Conservative leader in 2019, and currently serving Foreign Secretary Liz Truss is (as of August 1) the runaway favourite to be elected the next Conservative leader.