Advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning have led to significant improvements in many fields, including weather forecasting. Traditional weather forecasting models rely on complex simulations and data from numerous sources, such as satellites, weather stations, and ocean buoys. However, these models typically have limited accuracy beyond a week or two, making long-term predictions challenging; weather forecasts beyond 10 days are only right half the time. As climate change continues to disrupt weather patterns, the need for more accurate and longer-term forecasts has become increasingly important for planning purposes and mitigating the adverse effects of extreme weather events.

In recent years, AI techniques, such as deep learning, have shown promising results in enhancing short-term weather predictions. Given this potential, it is of great interest to determine whether AI can be utilized to significantly extend the time horizon for accurate weather forecasts. A breakthrough in long-term forecasting could transform industries like agriculture, renewable energy, and disaster management, helping society adapt to climate change more effectively.