In 2006 Jeffrey Skilling was imprisoned for 12 years for his part in the Enron scandal.

Since then, there have been very few high profile convictions of corporate bad-actors. (Much ink was spilled over the lack of convictions of bankers during for the 2007-2008 financial crisis)

There have been prison terms for some more junior employees. Tom Hayes was imprisoned for his part of the LIBOR fixing scandal although generally executives have escaped sanctions:

There are currently outstanding warrants for Wirecard executives, and a former VW CEO is faces charges of fraud in court. (His imprisonment would result in this question resolving positive)